Bolshevik Revolution

Bolshevik Revolution (full file)

October 1917

Introduction

Bolshevik Revolution or the October Revolution was the second phase of the Russian Revolution of 1917 led by the Bolsheviks under the command of Vladimir Lenin, who was leader Leon Trotsky building on the ideas of Karl Marx - as already mentioned -; to establish a communist state and overthrow the interim government. The Bolshevik Revolution first revolution communist century twentieth century,

Overview of Russia

Russia is the largest country in the world in terms of area; with an area of ​​17,075,400 km ², which is almost twice the size of Canada the second country in terms of area. The train journey takes between Moscow in the west and the port of Vladivostok in the east seven days which pass through eight regions of the timing.

Russia can be divided into four bands based on soil conditions and plants that depend mainly on the climate. These ranges are wide belts and wide across Russia, not separated by a clear transition zones and ranges are from north to south: 1 - Scope of tundra 2 - Scope of forest 3 - Scope of a steppe 4 - semi-desert and mountain.

{Begins with the history of Russia from the Eastern Slavs. First East Slavic state, Kievan Rus, adopted Christianity from the Byzantine Empire in 988, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic culture that you will know Russian culture for the next millennium. Disintegrated Kievan Rus in the end, as a state, and finally to obey the Mongol invaders in 1230. During this period a number of regional poles, especially in the Novgorod and Pskov, fought to inherit the legacy of Kievan Rus cultural and political.

Beginning

The Bolshevik revolution in Tsarist Russia is the practical application of the ideas and writings of the thinker "Karl Marx" and his assistant

"Friedrich Engels"

They thought initiated by Communist Marx founded his book of fame "capital"

The basic idea of ​​the communist rule of the working class and named in this thought

"Proletariat" class to fight and control of private capital in the economic life

Sense of the inadmissibility of any individual and Control institution owned by members in any aspect of economic life ..

Thus the State is the owner of all the means of production, without exception

People are not allowed to own any equipment or tool generate productive .. And only allows individuals ownership of what is subject to Bastkhaddahm Profile to prevent capitalist exploitation as seen this thought.

Reasons

The Russian Provisional Government policies have pushed the country to the brink of disaster. Disorders in industry, transport, and increased difficulties in obtaining provisions, total industrial production fell in 1917 by more than 36 percent of what it was in 1916. In the fall, up to 50 percent of all businesses were closed in the Ural Mountains, and Donbas, and other industrial centers, leading to higher unemployment. At the same time, the cost of living rose sharply. And real wages fell for the workers about 50 percent from what it was in 1913. Russia's debts were in October 1917 rose to 50 billion rubles. The debt owed to foreign governments for more than 11 billion rubles. The country was facing the threat of bankruptcy,

Events in the order

In a diplomatic note on 1 May, the Minister of Foreign Affairs less Malikov and expressed the desire of the interim government in the continuing obligations for the Allies and the continuation of the war against the Axis forces while Russia out victorious ", sparking widespread discontent.

In May 1 to 4 about 100,000 workers and soldiers in Petersburg, and after them the workers and soldiers from other cities, led by the Bolsheviks, staged under banners reading "Down with the war" and "All power to the Soviets" and led mass demonstrations in crisis for the interim government.

On July 1, about 500,000 workers and soldiers in St. Petersburg gathered, raising slogans "All power to the Soviets", "Down with the war" and "Down with the ten ministers of capitalism." Interim government opened an offensive against the Germans on July 1, but soon collapsed. For news reinforced the attack and collapse the struggle of the workers and soldiers. The new crisis began in the interim government in July 15

Workers and soldiers began in a spontaneous demonstration on July 16, demanding more power to the Soviets, the Labor Party Central Committee Russian Social Democratic and provided leadership for spontaneous movements. In July 17, and more than 500,000 people in a peaceful demonstration in St. Petersburg. Interim Government, with the support of the Mensheviks carried out an armed attack against demonstrators. 56 people were killed and wounded 650

Began to plot against the government, led by General Kornilov, who was commander in chief of the armed forces since July 18, which objected to Kerensky's policy to what he described as a military solution and defeat in the war and led units loyal to him to St. Petersburg to topple the interim government. In response to the appeal of Bolshevism, Moscow began working class strike Abhawwala 400,000 workers. Moscow swept a wave of strikes and protest demonstrations by workers Kharkiv Fakiev, reap Novgorod, Yekaterinburg and other cities. August 25 Kornilov rightist military rebellion began and started moving in Atjahsant Petersburg. The Commission appealed to the central party work the Russian Social Democratic August 27 workers, soldiers and sailors direction of Petersburg to defend the revolution. Bolshevik Party mobilized and organized the people to defeat the insurgency and head guard Alahmrala capital, and that the number of troops around 25,000 fighters in addition to the protector of the city, and has all of the sailors Sea Fleet Baltic, and railway workers, and workers in Moscow, and Donbas, the Urals, and the soldiers in the front and in the rear who managed to defeat Gen. Kornilov rebel leader and defeat that has been at the hands of the workers are not organized, but that Del Ali weak interim government, which was forced to hire the Bolsheviks, while demonstrates the strength of the Bolsheviks and led to increased power.

In August 31 elections swept the Bolsheviks Workers Union (the Soviets) of Bryansk, Samara, Saratov, Minsk, Kiev and Tashkent, and other cities. In the day, September 1 / September, the Central Executive Committee received the Soviets of 126 requests from local soviets urging them to seize power in her own hands.

In September and October 1917, there were Adharbat by workers in Moscow and St. Petersburg and the miners of Donbass, blacksmiths Mnjebal Urals, and oil workers in Baku, and textile workers, and railroad workers in 44 of the rail lines. In these months alone more than a million workers participated in the strike. The workers control of production and distribution in many factories.

On October 10, 1917 the Central Committee of the Bolsheviks voted 10 against 2 of the decision, saying that "an armed uprising is inevitable, and that the time has come to do just that.

On October 23, 1917, the leftist rebels under the leadership of Jian uprising in Tallinn, capital of Estonia.

October 25, 1917, Bolsheviks led the troops to the uprising in the capital of Russia, and in resistance ineffective by Kerensky and the interim government., Bolsheviks managed to seize key government facilities

On the night of 26/25 October attack was launched on the Winter Palace of Caesar, who was guarded by Cossacks and a battalion of women, which has been brought under control without significant resistance. Announced the new government formed by the Bolsheviks Russia out of the World War and its desire to sign an agreement with separatist Germany. Also issued Bolsheviks who usurped power in the country decrees to confiscate lands Kbaralaqtaian and coefficient capitalists addition to declare the right of the peoples of the Russian Empire to separate them. Later the revolution was carried out by the Government of the Soviet Union portrayal of events in October as the occurrence of far more dramatic than they actually were.

November 12, 1917 Russia-election in the Constituent Assembly (parliament). But the Bolshevik Party did not get a majority of votes, also relied on it. After MPs refused to approve the decrees of the Bolshevik government was dissolved the Constituent Assembly strongly in January 1918, which sparked protest against the forces of democracy in the country. But the Bolsheviks ordered to open fire on a peaceful demonstration, killing 21 people.

Goals

Equality among all classes of people in all respects and the elimination of feudal capitalism and the realization of socialism and Unified Socialist Labor,

Results

The approval of the Council of People's Commissars as the basis for the new government

The Council of People's Commissars adoption of a series of arrests of both opposition leaders and the leaders of the Mensheviks and the Revolutionary Socialist Party and imprisonment of Paul and Peter Citadel

On December 20 the foundations of Lenin committees exceptional will fight the counter-revolution was called in after the (thing Ka) which is considered as a starting point to spend Bolsheviks Ali Kamel enemies and opponents began these committees extraordinary exercise terror group against group representatives rich and middle of Russian society, intellectuals and clerics and officers suspect Bmaadathm the new power

Launched a series of decrees include:

Ratified the decree of peasants who have seized land around Russia's special and redistributed among themselves. Bolsheviks and considered themselves represent an alliance of workers and peasants and revived Hmamvhom hammer and sickle on the flag and coat of arms of the Soviet Union

Nationalization of all Russian banks

And confiscated bank accounts

Confiscated church properties (including bank accounts) seized.

Nbaraa of all external debt.

Given control in the factories to the Soviets.

Wage has been fixed at a higher rate than it was during the war, and shorter time, for eight hours of the working day.

Soviets and the memory of this day

Expression Aloktopr Red Красный Октябрь, Krasnyry Oktyabr is also used in reference to an event in the month. This name gave the order for the steel plant led services significantly in the battle for Ingerad and candy factory Moscow very famous in Russia and a submarine Soviet fancy in the novel The Hunt for Red October or catching October Red .

November 7 is the anniversary of the October Revolution is an official holiday in the Soviet Union and is still celebrated in Belarus remains.

Determine the October Revolution of 1917 initially for the first communist government in Russia. After that Russia became the Soviet Union and that it exists until its disintegration in 1991.

Conclusion

It made the Russian revolution which was dubbed jailed peoples a world superpower at the political, economic and military, etc.

Revolution deserves immortalized in history ..

The great revolution and leaders ..

Bolshevik Revolution.